Demographic Study of Acute Pancreatitis in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North East of India: A Single Institutional Experience

Background:

The most common cause of acute pancreatitis is gall stone disease worldwide (WJS,world journal of gastroenterology,published on 2009).

Aims and objective:

To assess the current trends of etiology of acute pancreatitis in north east.

Materials and method:

It is a retrospective study based on available medical records of patient admitted from December 2017 to December 2018 with diagnosis of acute pancreatitis.  A total number of cases 30 were diagnosed during the period of study. Multivariate analysis was done to identify the various risk factors and to derive a possible etiology. Stratified comparison was done in 3 commonest etiology groups identified: alcohol related, non-alcoholic causes (metabolic, infective, iatrogenic, traumatic, genetic, CBD stones etc.) and idiopathic.

Results:

The commonest etiologies were attributed to alcohol (50%) then idiopathic (30%) and then non-alcohol (20%).

Table 1: Stratification and sex distribution based on etiology.

Results:

Alcohol is the most common cause of acute pancreatitis in north east part of India. This study showed absolute male predominance. There is also significant numbers of cases are idiopathic.

Discussion:

Though world-wide gall stone is the commonest cause of acute pancreatitis, in this part of our country alcohol outnumbers all other causes. Of all the alcohol related pancreatitis no female case has been seen. There are no definite correlation found between diabetes and pancreatitis. In 30%of cases no definite cause has been found and remains idiopathic. Overall, higher prevalence of acute pancreatitis has been seen among male irrespective of etiology.

Author:

Dr. Rupjyoti Das,
MEM fellow,
Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, Guwahati, Assam.

Dr.Apurba Kumar Borah ,
Head of department of Critical Care Medicine,
Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, Guwahati, Assam.